Introduction
A great proponent of abstract art, American artist Barnett Newman (1905-1970) was largely unappreciated in his time. But right at the end of his artistic career Newman gained recognition and acceptance, influencing younger painters and anticipating the post-painterly abstraction and minimalist movement, although he’s generally classified overall as an abstract expressionist.
Barnett Newman was created as son of Russian Jewish immigrants in New York City and educated in the City College of New York. Newman began creating expressionist paintings in his late twenties and early thirties but destroyed these early specimens. He started his public career as a critic and catalogue writer. In the late 1940s he was an exhibiting artist in the Betty Parsons Gallery together with his first solo show held in 1950. It was during these post-war years that Newman together with artists; Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko, Clyfford Still and Adolph Gottlieb developed the brand new style to become classified as abstract art and abstract expressionism.
Exhibitions and Critical Reviews
The ‘Onement’ series beginning in 1948 displayed Newman’s newly developed mature style that contains colour fields separated by vertical lines that they called “zips”. This characteristic would define all his creative abstract art endeavours. All Newman’s works can’t be fully appreciated while viewing from afar. Newman himself suggested that visitors to a specific exhibition should stand really near to his paintings so that they could take in all the how to go about colour and structure and become full of a sense of extreme self-awareness.
Some of Newman’s famous paintings happen to be titled with Jewish themes including; ‘Abraham’ (1949), ‘Adam’ (1952) and ‘Uriel’ (1954). These have led him to be classified like a spiritual artist and Jewish mystic. Starting with his first solo exhibition in 1950, responses to his work had largely been negative and by 1955 Newman had sold very few paintings, but Newman’s greatest achievement in abstract art would follow soon. Carrying out a cardiac arrest in 1957, the recuperating Newman completed three paintings that will come in ‘The New American Painting Exhibition’ held by the Museum of Modern Art, Ny. This exhibition was extremely successful and continued to also be shown in Europe. By 1959 many major museums had purchased Newman’s work and also the exhibition ‘Barnett Newman: A Selection 1946-1952′ though affected by negative reviews had attracted and started to influence a younger variety of Ny artists.
Achieving Worldwide Recognition – His Major Works
The series of black and white paintings from 1958 to 1966 entitled ‘The Stations from the Cross’ would become regarded as Newman’s greatest achievement and something that finally earned him the world recognition he wanted. Subtitled ‘Lama Sabachthani’, what spoken by Christ around the cross asking why God had forsaken him, Newman considered these words to possess universal significance and some check this out series of paintings as a memorial to the holocaust victims.
Newman’s abstract art is usually created in a massive:
The Wild, Among his paintings from the early 1950s is eight feet tall while being only one and half inches wide using the “zip” being the only feature in it.
‘Who’s Scared of Red, Yellow and Blue’ series (1966) displays a general change in Newman’s painting technique with the use of vibrant and pure colours, a sign of his later paintings.
‘Broken Obelisk’ (1967) – his most monumental sculpture – depicted the point of an inverted obelisk balancing around the apex of the pyramid, versions which were installed in galleries in Ny and Washington D.C.
‘Anna’s Light’ (1968) created in memory of his mother who died in 1965 was his largest painting, 28 feet wide and 9 feet tall.
Unlike fellow abstract art expressionists for example Mark Rothko and Clyfford Still, Barnett Newman employed hard edged regions of flat colour, rejecting vibrant brushwork, thereby being linked to the later minimalist trends. The various classifications used on Newman only hint in the variety and richness of his artistic expression. He was only starting to experience American and worldwide recognition of his art when he died of heart attack in 1970 in the chronilogical age of 63.